Baby vomits milk when fed and has gastric air bubble. What kind of fistula is present? – – blind esophagus with lower segment of esophagus attached to trachea
20-year old dancer with decreased plantar flexion and decreased sensation over the back of her thigh, calf, and lateral half of foot. What spinal nerve? – – Tibial (L4 to S3)
Patient with decreased pain and temp sensation over
Lateral aspects of both arms. Lesion? – – syringomyelia
Penlight in patient’s right eye produces bilateral pupillary
Constriction. In left eye, there is paradoxical bilateral
Pupillary dilation. Defect? – – atrophy of left optic nerve
Patient with decreased prick sensation on lateral aspect of
Leg and foot. A deficit in what muscular action can also be
Expected? – – dorsiflexion and eversion of foot (common peroneal nerve)
Elderly woman with arthritis and tingling over lateral digits
Of right hand. Diagnosis? – – Carpal tunnel syndrome, median nerve compression.
Woman in car accident cannot turn her head to the left and has right shoulder droop. What structure is damaged?
– – Right CN XI (runs through jugular foramen with CN IX
And X), innervating sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles)
Man with one wild, flailing arm. Where is lesion? – –
Contralateral subthalamic nucleus (hemiballismus)
Pregnant woman in 3rd trimester has normal blood
Pressure when standing and sitting. When supine, BP
Drops to 90/50. Diagnosis? – – compression of IVC
Soccer player was kicked in leg and suffered a damaged
Medial meniscus. What else is likely to be damaged? – –
Anterior cruciate ligament (remember the “unhappy triad”)
Gymnast dislocates her shoulder anteriorly. What nerve is most likely to have been damaged? – –
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Patient with cortical lesion does not know that he has a
Disease. Where is lesion? – – Right parietal lobe.
Child presents with cleft lip. Which embryologic process
Failed? – – Fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes.
Patient cannot protrude tongue toward left side and has right sided spastic paralysis. Where is lesion? – – left medulla, CN XII
Teen falls while rollerblading and hurts his elbow. He can’t
Feel the medial part of his palm. Which nerve and what
Injury? – – Ulnar nerve due to broken medial condyle
24-year-old male develops testicular cancer. Metastatic
Spread occurs by what route? – – para-aortic lymph nodes
(recal descent of testes during development)
Field hockey player presents to ER after falling on her arm
During practice. X-ray shows mid-shaft break of humerus.
Which nerve and what artery are most likely damaged? – –
Radial nerve and deep brachial artery, which run together.
Patient cannot blink his right eye or seal his lips and has
Mild ptosis on the right side. What is diagnosis, and what
Nerve is often affected? – – Bell’s palsy; CNVII
Patient complains of pain, numbness, and tingling sensation. On exam, she has wasting of thenar eminence.
What is diagnosis, and what nerve is often affected? – –
Carpal tunnel syndrome, median nerve
Woman with anxiety about gyn exam is told to relax and
Imagine going through steps of exam. What process does
This exemplify? – – systematic desensitization
65-year-old man is diagnosed with incurable metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. His family asks you not to tell the patient. What do you do? – – Assess whether telling patient will negatively affect his health. If not, tell him.
Man admitted for chest pain is medicated for ventricular
Tachycardia.
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