The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each of them has its own goverment (“state goverment”). In some ways the United States are like 50 small countries. Each state has its own governor, its own police and its own laws. The present constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia, the President is the head of the whole country and the goverment and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He makes the most important decisions and chooses the ministers, the members of his cabinet. But the President cannot do what he wants. The Congress must agree with it first. Americans choose a new president every four years. The residence of the President is the White House in Washington, the capital city. The goverment of the whole country (the Federal goverment) works from Washington, this is where the Congress is based. The Capitol is the seat of the US Congress. Congress is the American parliament which consists of 2 chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The first Congress met in 1789 in New York city. The membership then consisted of 22 senators and 59 representatives. Today the House of Representatives has 435 members. Elections of the house take place every 2 years. There are 100 senators (2 from each state), they are elected to serve for a period of six years, but every two years elections of the senate take place when one third of its members must be changed or re-elected. Election day is always in the month of November, on the first Tuesday, after the first Monday. Americans who aren’t yet 25 years old have no right to be elected to the House of Representatives. Those, who are under 30, can’t be elected in the Senate. The main political parties in the United States of America are the Democratic Party and the Republlican Party.
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